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Application of molybdenum and its alloys

  • Mosten
  • 6 Jan

With the development of science and technology, the application of molybdenum in high-tech and other fields is also increasing. Let's take a look at the application of molybdenum and its alloys.

1. Iron and steel industry
According to the world molybdenum consumption statistics, the application of molybdenum in iron and steel industry still occupies the most important position. As an alloying element of steel, molybdenum can improve the strength, especially the high temperature strength and toughness of steel; improve the corrosion resistance of steel in acid-base solution and liquid metal; improve the wear resistance and hardenability, weldability and heat resistance of steel. Molybdenum is a good carbide forming element, which will not be oxidized in the process of steelmaking. It can be used alone or together with other alloy elements.

Molybdenum can be used together with chromium, nickel, manganese and silicon to produce different types of stainless steel, tool steel, high speed steel and alloy steel. The stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, and can be used for corrosion-resistant steel pipe, automobile shell, sewage treatment equipment and so on. A kind of stainless steel with about 6% molybdenum can also be used in seawater desalination unit, ocean going ships, offshore oil and natural gas production pipeline instead of titanium.

Molybdenum series high speed steel has the advantages of non-uniformity of carbides, wear resistance, good toughness and strong plasticity at high temperature, which is suitable for manufacturing forming tools. Molybdenum alloy steel can be used to manufacture machine tool structural parts, industrial vehicles and bulldozer equipment.

2. Agricultural fertilizer
Molybdenum is one of the essential "trace elements" in plants, which can significantly improve the quality and yield of legumes, forages and other crops. Therefore, ammonium molybdate is often contained in fertilizers. Molybdenum can promote Rhizobium and other nitrogen fixing organisms to fix nitrogen in the air, and can further transform nitrogen into protein needed by plants; molybdenum can promote the absorption of phosphorus and play its role in plants; molybdenum can accelerate the formation and transformation of sugars in plants, improve the content and stability of plant chlorophyll, and improve the content of vitamin C. In addition, molybdenum can improve the ability of drought and cold resistance and disease resistance of plants.

The application of molybdenum fertilizer is characterized by low dosage, high yield and low cost. It is an important measure to improve agricultural harvest, especially soybean harvest.

3. Electronic and electrical
Molybdenum has good electrical conductivity and high temperature performance, especially its thermal expansion coefficient is very close to that of glass. Therefore, molybdenum is widely used in the core wire, lead out line, side bar and other parts of spiral filament in bulb, and is used as grid and anode support material in electronic tube.

In VLSI, molybdenum is used as the gate of metal oxide semiconductor, and the "bimetallic effect" can be eliminated by installing the integrated circuit on molybdenum; the ultra-thin seamless molybdenum tube (about 15 μm) can be used as the anode support of high-definition TV picture tube. The number of image scanning lines of this kind of TV set is 1125, which is two times higher than that of ordinary TV set; molybdenum disc can also be used as heat insulation of power transistor The base plate and heat sink of the panel and silicon rectifier. In addition to pure molybdenum, Mo Re alloys can be used as structural materials for electron tubes and special light bulbs. Mo-50re and TZM alloys can also be used as thermionic cathode components in high power microwave tubes and millimeter wave tubes.

4. Automobile spraying
The melting point of molybdenum is as high as 2620 ℃, it has good high temperature performance and corrosion resistance, and has strong binding force with steel, so it is the main thermal spraying material in the production of automobile parts. Thermal spraying materials can significantly improve the performance of piston ring, synchronous ring, fork and other worn parts, and can also be used to repair worn crankshaft, roll, shaft rod and other mechanical parts.

5. High temperature components
Because of its high purity, good resistance to high temperature and low steam pressure, molybdenum is often used to make heating body and structural material of high temperature furnace. Molybdenum has good ablation resistance in fused quartz. It is often used as an electrode for electrified melting in glass industry, and its service life can reach more than one year. In addition to being used as electrodes, molybdenum can also be used as high temperature structural materials for glass melting, such as guide grooves and tubes. Molybdenum instead of platinum is used in glass fiber drawing furnace with good effect, and the production cost is greatly reduced. In addition, molybdenum and its alloy can also be used as hip furnace frame, heat shield, sintering and steaming coating boat, etc.

Molybdenum silicide is a kind of widely used electric heating component material, which has the characteristics of high temperature oxidation resistance, excellent corrosion resistance and high melting point.

6. Oil exploitation
Molybdenum can not only be used in oil and gas field drilling pipeline, but also often combined with cobalt and nickel as a catalyst for oil refining pretreatment, mainly for desulfurization of petroleum, petrochemical products and liquefied coal. In the process of hydrogen treatment. Sulfide will react with hydrogen on the surface of catalyst, so that sulfur ion will be released in the form of hydrogen sulfide. Meanwhile, nitrogen and metal impurities in crude oil can be eliminated to reduce the poisoning of these impurities to other catalysts in petroleum refining, so as to improve the color, smell and stability of products. A layer of carbon remains on the surface of Mo based catalyst after passivation. If the carbon layer is burned off, the activity of the catalyst can be restored, and the service life can be 1-5 years. Molybdenum plays an important role in petroleum cracking and reforming and is an ideal electron donor and carrier.

Molybdenum and its alloys can also be used in nuclear industry, aerospace and environmental protection.