What are the common high - speed steel cutting tools?
With the increasing popularity of cutting technology, more and more requirements are put forward for cutting tool manufacturing. The tool is not satisfied with the rough tool which can realize the basic cutting function, but is a beautiful tool with reasonable structure, exquisite workmanship, excellent performance and convenient use. Different equipments use different tool performances, the following Yida Borun Petrochemical brief introduction of the following cutting tool performance requirements: I Properties of Tool Materials (1) The hardness of high hardness and high wear-resistant tool material must be higher than that of the material being machined to cut off the metal, which is the essential requirement of the cutting tool material. The harder the tool material, the better its wear resistance, but because of the more complex cutting conditions, the wear resistance of the material also depends on its chemical composition and the stability of metallographic structure.
(2) Sufficient strength and impact toughness refers to the resistance to cutting force and not due to the breaking of the blade and the breaking of the rod. generally expressed by flexural strength. Impact toughness refers to the ability of tool materials to ensure that the cutting edge is not broken under intermittent cutting or working conditions with impact. In general, the higher the hardness, the lower the impact toughness, the more brittle the material. Hardness and toughness are a pair of contradictions and a key tool material to overcome.
(3) High heat resistance and heat resistance, also called red hardness, is the main index to measure the properties of cutting tool materials. It comprehensively reflects the ability of tool materials to maintain hardness, wear resistance, strength, oxidation resistance, adhesion resistance and diffusion resistance at high temperatures.
(4) Good workmanship and economy In order to facilitate manufacturing, tool materials should have good workmanship, such as forging, heat treatment and grinding performance. Of course, in manufacturing and selection should consider the economy. At present, the cost of superhard material and coated cutting tool material are more expensive, but its service life is very long, in the mass production, the cost apportioned to each part is reduced instead. Therefore in the selection must consider synthetically. II. Common Tool Materials
(1) General high-speed steel Ordinary high-speed steel can meet the general demand. There are two kinds of common high-speed steel, tungsten high-speed steel and tungsten molybdenum high-speed steel. (2) tungsten molybdenum system high-speed steel At present it is replacing the high-speed tungsten steel with a series of advantages, such as uniform fine carbide distribution and high wear resistance. Often used to manufacture various tools, such as bits, taps, milling cutters, reamers, broaches, gear cutters, etc., can meet the requirements of machining general engineering materials. It's just a little more sensitive to decarbonization.
(3) High-carbon high-speed steel Therefore, hardness, wear resistance and thermal hardness are better. when cutting stainless steel, heat-resistant alloy and other difficult processing materials, the life of the tool made with it is significantly improved, the impact toughness is low, and the heat treatment process is strict.
（High Vanadium High Speed Steel so that the wear resistance is greatly improved, but with it is the grinding become worse. The use and development of high vanadium high speed steel also depend on the development of grinding technology and grinding wheel technology.
(5) Cobalt high speed steel Cobalt can induce the carbides to dissolve more in the matrix during quenching and heating, and use the high hardness of the substrate to improve the wear resistance. The high-speed steel has good hardness, thermal hardness, wear resistance and grindability. Cobalt high-speed steel can be made into various kinds of cutting tools, which can be used to cut difficult materials.
(6) Aluminium high-speed steel The main addition of aluminum and silicon, niobium elements to improve the thermal hardness, wear resistance. However, this kind of steel is easy to be oxidized and decarbonized, and its plasticity and grindability are slightly poor, so it still needs to be improved.
(7) Powder Metallurgical High Speed Steel In recent years, the biggest transformation of high-speed steel is the development of powder metallurgy high-speed steel, which is superior to smelting high-speed steel. Using high-pressure argon or nitrogen gas atomization to melt high-speed steel, the fine high-speed steel powder is obtained and then forged and rolled into steel, which effectively solves the problem of segregation of coarse carbides when smelting high-speed steel in ingots. Selection of Cutting Oil
(1) Tool steel tool: its heat-resistant temperature is low, it can only be applied to the cutting of general materials, and it will lose its hardness at high temperature. due to the poor heat resistance of this tool, the cooling performance of cutting oil is required to be good.
(2) High-speed steel tools: This material is advanced alloy steel based on chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum and vanadium, some of which contain aluminum. Compared with other high-temperature resistant metal and ceramic materials, high-speed steel is suitable for geometric complex workpieces and continuous cutting. Using cutting oil when cutting with high-speed steel tool can effectively avoid the problems of workpiece burn, quality decline, tool wear and so on.
(3) Carbide Tools: The carbide used for cutting tools is composed of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide and tantalum carbide. When cutting iron and steel material, it can reduce the bonding between chips. Special cutting oil containing antiwear additives is suitable for carbide tools. The above are the safety problems that must be paid attention to in the use of machine tool cutting tools. With the wide use of new technology, it provides a broad prospect for automobile manufacturing, mechanical equipment, instruments and other industries. Yida borun petrochemical is a high-end metal processing oil manufacturers, self-developed cutting oil products with excellent extreme pressure and anti-wear performance, can effectively improve the workpiece surface finish and processing efficiency, and no harm to the human body, workpiece, equipment, environment, is a number of domestic mold manufacturing enterprises designated partners, in the practical application of customers at home and abroad praise.
